The multiplication of missile strikes in conflicts on a massive scale and the deterioration of strategic relations between major powers have produced a renewed interest in the acquisition of missile defence systems. The Trump administration has quite explicitly expressed this interest with the launch of the ‘Golden Dome’ programme. 

Missile defence acquisition and deployment are largely justified by the dissemination of missile technologies worldwide. Some of their promoters have asserted that they may bring stability or even contribute to curbing missile proliferation. However, the spread and increased capacity of missile are also playing a role in missile proliferation. 

Indeed, countries operating missile forces are incentivised to increase and improve their arsenals in the hope of overcoming defensive architectures. Missiles are also becoming more sophisticated to avoid interception. 

Finally, the development of missile defence is provoking a negative spiral regarding the militarisation of space.