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The Hague Code of Conduct (HCoC) against the Proliferation of Ballistic Missiles has been adopted in November 2002, in order to bolster the international effort to reduce and prevent the proliferation of delivery systems which can carry weapons of mass destruction.

With a view to liberalizing access to missile technologies, the MTCR would therefore remain a central instrument, since it would continue to regulate sensitive exports. Admittedly, its final binding effects could, in the short term, be further attenuated, turning the regime into a forum for harmonization.